//from: http://code.google.com/p/klsudoku/source/checkout
//半瓶墨水修改于 2009 Sept 18
//References
// http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knuth's_Algorithm_X
// http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dancing_Links
// http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exact_cover#Sudoku
#include
using namespace std;
#define RR 729
#define CC 324
#define INF 1000000000
int mem1[81+1];
int mem2[81+1];
int *mem = mem1;
char ch[81+1];
int cnt[CC+1];
int scnt=0; //solution count
struct node {
int r,c;
node *up;
node *down;
node *left;
node *right;
}head,all[RR*CC+99],row[RR],col[CC];int all_t;
inline void link(int r,int c) {
cnt[c]++;
node *t=&all[all_t++];
t->r=r;
t->c=c;
t->left=&row[r];
t->right=row[r].right;
t->left->right=t;
t->right->left=t;
t->up=&col[c];
t->down=col[c].down;
t->up->down=t;
t->down->up=t;
}
inline void remove(int c) {
node *t,*tt;
col[c].right->left=col[c].left;
col[c].left->right=col[c].right;
for(t=col[c].down;t!=&col[c];t=t->down) {
for(tt=t->right;tt!=t;tt=tt->right) {
cnt[tt->c]--;
tt->up->down=tt->down;
tt->down->up=tt->up;
}
t->left->right=t->right;
t->right->left=t->left;
}
}
inline void resume(int c) {
node *t,*tt;
for(t=col[c].down;t!=&col[c];t=t->down) {
t->right->left=t;
t->left->right=t;
for(tt=t->left;tt!=t;tt=tt->left) {
cnt[tt->c]++;
tt->down->up=tt;
tt->up->down=tt;
}
}
col[c].left->right=&col[c];
col[c].right->left=&col[c];
}
void print_solution(int*m){
int ans[81];
for(int i=1;i<=81;i++) {
int t=m[i]/9%81;
int val=m[i]%9+1;
ans[t]=val;
}
for(int i=0;i<81;i++)
printf("%d",ans[i]);
printf("\n");
}
void solve(int k)
{
if(head.right==&head) {//got one solution
if (!scnt) {
memcpy(mem2, mem1, sizeof(mem1));
mem = mem2;
}
scnt++;
return;
}
node*t,*tt;
int min=INF,tc;
for(t=head.right;t!=&head;t=t->right) {
if(cnt[t->c]<min) {
min=cnt[t->c];
tc=t->c;
if(min<=1)break;
}
}
remove(tc);
for(t=col[tc].down;t!=&col[tc];t=t->down) {
mem[k]=t->r;
t->left->right=t;
for(tt=t->right;tt!=t;tt=tt->right) {
remove(tt->c);
}
t->left->right=t->right;
solve(k+1);
if (scnt >= 2)
return;
t->right->left=t;
for(tt=t->left;tt!=t;tt=tt->left) {
resume(tt->c);
}
t->right->left=t->left;
}
resume(tc);
return;
}
int main(int argc, char**argv) {
if (argc != 2) return 1;
const char *p = argv[1];
size_t len = strlen(p);
if (len!=81) return 1;
int i,j,k;
for (i=0;i<81;i++) {
if ((*p) == '0')
ch[i] = '.';
else
ch[i] = *p;
p++;
}
ch[81] = '\0';
if(ch[0]=='e')return 1;
all_t=1;
memset(cnt,0,sizeof(cnt));
head.left=&head;
head.right=&head;
head.up=&head;
head.down=&head;
head.r=RR;
head.c=CC;
for(i=0;i<CC;i++) {
col[i].c=i;
col[i].r=RR;
col[i].up=&col[i];
col[i].down=&col[i];
col[i].left=&head;
col[i].right=head.right;
col[i].left->right=&col[i];
col[i].right->left=&col[i];
}
for(i=0;i<RR;i++) {
row[i].r=i;
row[i].c=CC;
row[i].left=&row[i];
row[i].right=&row[i];
row[i].up=&head;
row[i].down=head.down;
row[i].up->down=&row[i];
row[i].down->up=&row[i];
}
for(i=0;i<RR;i++) {
int r=i/9/9%9;
int c=i/9%9;
int val=i%9+1;
if(ch[r*9+c]=='.'||ch[r*9+c]==val+'0') {
link(i,r*9+val-1);
link(i,81+c*9+val-1);
int tr=r/3;
int tc=c/3;
link(i,162+(tr*3+tc)*9+val-1);
link(i,243+r*9+c);
}
}
for(i=0;i<RR;i++) {
row[i].left->right=row[i].right;
row[i].right->left=row[i].left;
}
solve(1);
printf("\n");
if (scnt>1){
print_solution(mem1);
print_solution(mem2);
printf("\n2 or mroe solutions found\n");
} else if (scnt==1) {
print_solution(mem1);
printf("\none solution found\n");
} else {
printf("\nNO solution\n");
}
}
【转】目前最快的数独求解程序 - 实现了Knuth的Dancing Links+Algorithm X算法
2010-03-07